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The Economic Consequences of Financial Restatements: Evidence from the Market for Corporate Control.

Amel-Zadeh, Amir¹ Yuan Zhang²

Accounting Review. Jan2015, Vol. 90 Issue 1, p1-29. 29p. 1 Diagram, 7 Charts, 2 Graphs.

Abstract:

This paper investigates whether and how financial restatements affect the market for corporate control. We show that firms that recently filed financial restatements are significantly less likely to become takeover targets than a propensity score matched sample of non-restating firms. For those restating firms that do receive takeover bids, the bids are more likely to be withdrawn or take longer to complete than those made to non-restating firms. Finally, there is some evidence that deal value multiples are significantly lower for restating targets than for non-restating targets. Our analyses suggest that the information risk associated with restating firms is the main driver of these results. Overall, this study finds that financial restatements have profound consequences for the allocation of economic resources in the market for corporate control.

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Earnings Management Using Classification Shifting: An Examination of Core Earnings and Special Items.

McVay, Sarah Elizabeth

Accounting Review. May2006, Vol. 81 Issue 3, p501-531. 31p. 11 Charts, 1 Graph.

Abstract:

This paper examines the classification of items within the income statement as an earnings management tool. Evidence is consistent with managers opportunistically shifting expenses from core expenses (cost of goods sold and selling, general, and administrative expenses) to special items. This vertical movement of expenses does not change bottom-line earnings, but overstates “core” earnings. In addition, it appears that managers use this earnings management tool to meet the analyst forecast earnings benchmark, as special items tend to be excluded from both pro forma and analyst earnings definitions.